- What is channelling and how do I know it is happening?
- Channelling is water finding a crack through the coffee bed instead of passing evenly through it. The signs are a shot that starts fast, sprays sideways from the spout, or runs pale on one side. It makes a shot taste sour and thin regardless of how good your beans or machine are.
- Is a bottomless portafilter worth it?
- As a diagnostic tool, yes. It is the only way to actually see channelling happen rather than infer it from the taste. It is not an improvement in itself, and it will make a mess of your worktop while you learn. Buy one to diagnose a problem you already suspect, not as a general upgrade.
- Do I need a knock box, a tamping mat and a dosing funnel?
- They are convenience items and they make the process pleasanter, but none of them changes what is in the cup. Buy them when the mess starts to irritate you, and do not count them against a budget that has not yet covered a grinder.
- What is the single best value item here?
- The distribution tool, without much competition. It costs about the same as two coffees in a shop and it fixes the most common cause of a bad shot at home. Nothing else in the category offers that ratio.